Assessing the Applicability of Kriken’s Urban Design Principles in the Benteng Kuto Besak Waterfront Heritage Area, Palembang
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The Benteng Kuto Besak (BKB) waterfront is a historic public space along the Musi River that integrates heritage, recreational, cultural, and commercial functions. This study assesses the applicability of Kriken’s urban design principles to formulate site-specific directions for sustainable management of the BKB waterfront heritage area. A qualitative descriptive case study approach was employed using field observations, photographic documentation, brief informal field interviews, and document analysis, including the Palembang Spatial Plan (RTRW) and Government Regulation No. 38 of 2011. Kriken’s nine principles (sustainability, accessibility, diversity, open space, compatibility, incentives, adaptability, density, and identity) served as the analytical framework for examining spatial conditions, activities, potentials, and problems. The findings reveal challenges related to limited green infrastructure, pedestrian and vehicular conflicts, informal commercial activities, road conditions, waste management, and heritage compatibility. Diversity is reflected primarily through the variety of functions, activities, and user choices rather than architectural stylistic variation. The resulting design directions emphasize pedestrian continuity, flexible open space management, heritage compatible interventions, improved vegetation and environmental management, organized vendor zones, and preservation of visual and cultural identity. The study demonstrates that Kriken’s framework can be adapted to formulate site-specific urban design directions for historic waterfront areas in Indonesia.
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